If you can establish that it was written before 2021 or so, it’s probably not from an LLM. That kind of text has been compared to “low background steel”, typically salvaged from ships sunk in WW2 or earlier. Low background steel is a valuable commodity used for some types of highly sensitive instruments. Steel made in August 1945 or later, especially post 1950-ish, always has trace amounts of radioactivity from u-know-what.
Note that contamination is contagious. Even if you know that a human wrote something post-2021, for example because you wrote it yourself, you still can’t say it’s guaranteed AI-free, because of how AI has warped language and to some extent everyone’s minds.
If you can establish that it was written before 2021 or so, it’s probably not from an LLM. That kind of text has been compared to “low background steel”, typically salvaged from ships sunk in WW2 or earlier. Low background steel is a valuable commodity used for some types of highly sensitive instruments. Steel made in August 1945 or later, especially post 1950-ish, always has trace amounts of radioactivity from u-know-what.
Note that contamination is contagious. Even if you know that a human wrote something post-2021, for example because you wrote it yourself, you still can’t say it’s guaranteed AI-free, because of how AI has warped language and to some extent everyone’s minds.
https://englishlanguagestudies.com/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/urban-survival/202507/the-emerging-problem-of-ai-psychosis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-background_steel